巴黎Vanves音乐学院/ BABIN+RENAUD Architects

巴黎Vanves音乐学院/ BABIN+RENAUD Architects

成立于1921年的Vanves音乐学院如今拥有700名学生和40名教职员工。新建成的Ode大楼将学院散布在城市不同地方的破旧的办公室整合在了一起，让其在量和质上都有了大的飞跃。建筑内包括音乐学校和表演剧场，在作为教学中心的同时，将向整个城市传播音乐和戏剧艺术。项目中有一个广场，其中可以举办室外演出，将作为公共活动中心将整个区域凝聚在一起。
Founded in 1921, the Concervatoire de Vanves today has 40 teachers for over 700 students. The new building, named Ode, replaces the cramped, dilapidated offices scattered around various places in the town, representing both a qualitative and quantitative leap. Acting as a music school and a performance theater, the facility is as much a teaching center as a disseminator of the musical and dramatic arts. The project is both a building and a public space with a piazza able to host open-air shows, located on a small square that provides a centrality that is mostly lacking in the area.
▽建筑外观，external view of the building

整合周边环境
subtle integration
项目周边的建筑物从住宅到高楼，种类繁杂，相互之间缺乏联系，建筑师希望通过音乐学院的建造，让原本不甚和谐的环境更加统一，如同音乐中不同的乐器奏出美妙的和音。尽管建筑的一部分在地下，其体块形态依旧引人注目，因此建筑师在立面上使用中立而宁静的白色让其显得更为柔和。建筑的地上部分为一个纯净的立方体，顶层有屋顶花园，覆有金属网以隐藏技术设备和排风管，成为了建筑的第五立面。漆面铝条平整地排布在建筑立面上，从铝条的缝隙中可以一窥室内的活动。 室外地面均为石材铺地，从街道到礼堂的凸窗，覆盖了整个一层。
Located in a mixed urban fabric composed of constructions that each play their own partition, from houses to tall buildings, the new facility seeks appeasement and subtlety in the same way a musical composition organizes dissonant harmonies. The color white establishes calm and neutrality on volumes that nonetheless remain impressive, although some of it lies beneath the piazza. The visible part of this iceberg is a platonic cube that rises as an integral whole to its roof-terrace, a fifth wall covered with a metallic web that hides the technical equipment and evacuation air vents. The coating is intended to be as smooth as possible with lacquered aluminum panels running from slab to slab, giving an inkling of the life inside. All exterior floors are faced with stone which extend to the building’s ground floor following a guiding line from the street towards a bay window opening onto the auditorium.
▽建筑入口，entrance

▽可以看到室内的铝条立面，interior could be seen from the aluminum slab façade

▽室外及底层为石材铺面，stone paving outside and for ground floor

平面布局
a regulating pattern
建筑内的空间从用来练习打击乐器，声乐，钢琴，吹奏乐器等古典乐器的专门房间，到舞蹈和戏剧教室，从礼堂和剧场，到室外公共休闲空间，功能繁多，大小不一，因此建筑师采用一定尺度的正交网格来控制空间的形态。除了一层，建筑的每层平面都遵循这个网格设置。两端为楼梯的走廊连接不同房间，包括古典乐和声乐教室，单独的练习室，可以容纳70人管弦乐队的彩排室以及录音室和广播室，每个房间都根据各自的隔音需求配有气塞或双重门，互不干扰。
An orthogonal pattern controls the spaces with their highly varied dimensions and functions, from the dedicated rooms for percussion instruments, amplified music, piano, wind or vintage instruments to the dance and theatrical rooms, passing through the auditorium, a theater that is open to the public outside of teaching hours. As part of this orthogonal grid, the distribution scheme is repeated on all levels except for the ground floor. A generous hallway with stairs at either end provides access to the different rooms, each equipped according to its sound-proofing needs with airlocks or double doors. Teaching includes a vast sound spectrum from music played with vintage instruments to amplified music or gospel with either individual rooms or rehearsal rooms for a 70-musician symphonic orchestra. Besides the classrooms, the center also has a recording studio and a radio broadcast studio.
▽舞蹈教室，dancing classroom

剧场有221个座位，前部设有舞台，可以举办舞蹈，戏剧，合唱，歌剧，演唱会和当代音乐会等不同活动。剧场内有一间声光控制室，舞台上方有安装设备用的栅栏，大厅内还有技术走道和可改成观众席的乐池，乐池由可移动的凹面板构成，可以让声音更加集中。
The auditorium has a proscenium stage and a seating capacity of 221; it can be configured for different kinds of shows (dance, plays, choirs, opera, concerts and contemporary music). There is a sound and light control room, an equipped grid above the stage, technical walkways over the hall and a retractable orchestra pit made of mobile panels in the shape of a concave shell to concentrate the sound for symphonies.
▽剧场，auditorium

▽剧场的室内外关系，people could see the auditorium from outside

▽人们通过室外坡道和张开的墙面进入剧场，enter from exterior ramp and open wall

吸音和反射
absorption/reflection
为了控制建筑内的声音，建筑师采取了盒子套盒子和房间与混凝土结构脱离等隔音措施。天花和墙面的不同位置分别使用隔音或吸音材料，以实现最佳的声音效果。为了避免对附近的噪声污染，在双层玻璃和窗框上又加了一层窗框，正面的窗户也不可开启，仅靠双流通风系统来维持室内空气新鲜，因此可以彻底阻止声音传到室外。灯光系统和通风网格与墙面齐平，被完全隐藏了起来。建筑的概念在于创造一个没有视觉刺激的中性空间，让人们将注意力集中在声音和乐器上，没有外界的纷繁，音乐是这里的主宰，露台上的植物是这个音乐构成的小宇宙与外界唯一的视觉联系。
Acoustic constraints imposed several solutions, i.e. sound-proofing with the box in a box method and separation from the concrete structure. Sound-proofing applied to the ceilings and walls or smooth absorbent surfaces alternate with raised surfaces for rendering optimal sound. Double windows with a double-glazed frame combined with a single-glazed frame eliminate the risk of causing noise pollution to the vicinity. With the front windows permanently shut, double-stream ventilation ensures that the air remains fresh. All air vents are hidden, the lighting system built-in and the ventilation grids flush with the walls. The concept of spatial neutrality evacuates visual stimuli so as to place the emphasis on sound and instrumental lines with the plant-life of the patios as the only tangible reminder of the world outside of this microcosm’s walls. Removed from city noise, music takes pride of place.
▽灯光和设备整合在一起的隔音天花和墙面，lighting and equipment flush with the sound-proofing ceiling and walls

▽没有多余视觉因素的室内，interior with no visual stimuli

▽夜景，night view

▽总平面图，site plan

▽一层和二层平面图，ground floor and first floor plan

▽三层和四层平面，third floor and fourth floor plan

▽多功能剧场，flexible theater

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像是建筑师设计的室内，非常严谨